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By increasing access to domestic and international markets for these  d(#zhigh potential zones, USAID will help raise small farmer incomes and boost the sales and employment of rural small and mediumsized agribusinesses.  }K- d(#. Since 1994, USAID's financial market reform efforts have achieved a steady stream of successes. For  d(#the National Savings Bank (NSB), they include a major restructuring, independent management and  d(#repayment of a longstanding debt of $1.5 million by the GOM. The NSB was profitable in 1995 for  d(#the first time in recent history as it provided better services and increased interest rates for customers.  d(#The number of depositors grew from 254,770 in September 1993, to 323,863 by September 1995.  d(#The Central Bank improved its monetarypolicy management as inflation was reduced from 55% in  d(#1994 to 37% in 1995. USAID also promotes commercial law reform and increased civilsociety  d(# participation in public policy debates. The GOM has requested USAID's help in modernizing the legal  d(#and judicial framework to encourage private sector growth. Finally, civic organizations are seeking USAID assistance to become more effective advocates in the public policy arena.  d(#}USAID commercial agricultural promotion efforts are also showing results. More Malagasy  d(#Magribusinesses are purchasing U.S. agricultural and manufacturing equipment. USAID riceresearch  d(#shows that new rice seed varieties can double yields without fertilizer and achieve 300400% increases  d(#zwith fertilizer. USAID assistance led to sales of $5.9 million in nontraditional exports to South Africa, Europe and the United States in the past two years.  d(#lInadequate transportation infrastructure is a major rural constraint to development. By increasing  d(#/market access of high potential zones, USAID will quickly help raise small farmer incomes and boost  d(#rural sales and employment. USAID will rehabilitate 170 miles of farmtomarket roads in 1996, opening highly productive areas for the first time in decades. , Strategic Objective 1: Establish Competitive Market Environment for Micro and Small Firms , Strategic Objective 2: Increase Market Access for Neglected Regions  }K- Agency Goal: Protecting the Environment  d(#Madagascar's natural resource base is seriously threatened by human poverty and unsuitable  d(#government policies. Slashandburn agriculture has destroyed over 80% of the tropical forest cover,  d(#and the resulting greenhouse gases impact negatively on global climate change. Soil erosion is among  d(#the worst in the world. An estimated 80% of Madagascar's species are found nowhere else on earth.  d(#=The destruction of this treasure trove of biodiversity, the loss of habitat and the extinction of rare plants  d(#and animals are of global concern, most critically with regard to new genetic materials needed for advances in medicine and agriculture.  d(#To preserve this unique heritage of biodiversity, USAID partners show local people alternative income d(#producing activities which reduce pressures on the rain forests. Rural people are being taught how to  d(#manage their natural resources in nondestructive and sustainable ways. USAIDfunded efforts build  d(#the capacity of local communities and help change policies which empower local populations. For  d(#.example, local community groups now receive 50% of parkentry receipts and a share of forestcutting  d(#fees. USAID support has created Madagascar's first environmental impact assessment law, and has  d(#established an innovative private environmental foundation. A debtswap supports agroforestry and tree planting and has reduced uncontrolled burning by 71% from 1991 to 1995.  d(#USAID supports the Malagasy EAP through innovative activities which maintain biodiversity and  d(#strengthen national and local institutions responsible for natural resource management. USAID support  d(#/has expanded the amount of land under protection and developed Madagascar's first National Parks"h)0*0*0*z+"  d(#Service. Using sophisticated spatial analysis, including geographic information systems, of the  d(#zpressures on these parks, USAID partners, including Peace Corps, PACT, Conservation International,  d(#World Wildlife Fund, Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere (CARE), Wildlife Conservation  d(#.Society, and universities such as Cornell and State University of New York/Stonybrook, are decreasing  d(#destructive practices and making local populations responsible for sustainable resource use. Activities  d(#jwith the Malagasy Forest Service have doubled its field presence by adding 400 field agents, set market  d(#rates for valuable tropical hardwoods, increased revenue to the National Forestry Fund by sevenfold  d(#in 1995, and developed participatory forestmanagement plans which involve local beneficiaries in  d(#\forest management. Also, revenuesharing with local populations increased 47% in protected areas in 1995, while tourist visits to parks and reserves increased by 111%.  d(#@The EAP second phase starts in 1996 and USAID will again be a major financial and technical  d(#contributor. USAID support will further shift management responsibility to Malagasy institutions,  d(#expand local participation, increase ecotourism and private sector involvement, and encourage Madagascar's strong commitment to the country's expanded National Parks system. , Strategic Objective 3: Reduce Natural Resources Depletion in Target Areas  }K-X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:Population Policy (NPP) calls for a reduction in fertility, increased access to family planning services,  d(#and improvements in child survival. The NPP was developed by representatives of nongovernmental  d(#organizations (NGOs), religious groups, and GOM agencies from many different sectors. Over the last  d(#/three years, government and nongovernment representatives have demonstrated their interest and  d(#1support not only by participating in USAIDfinanced activities, but also by playing lead roles in coordination, monitoring and service delivery.  d(#zUSAID interventions have increased availability and use of modern contraception, enabling women to  d(#reduce the number of unwanted births and, therefore, improve reproductive health. Increased  d(#availability and use of condoms supported by USAID will also reduce the risk of contracting the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases for men and women.  d(#0By 1992, earlier USAID family planning support had contributed to a dramatic drop in the average  d(#number of children born per woman, to 6.1. Current efforts have expanded the volume of activities  d(#and range of approaches. Contraceptive protection provided through the public and NGO sectors has  d(#increased from 124,000 coupleyears of protection in all of 1994 to 136,000 in the first half of 1995  d(#alone. The number of sites providing family planning services has increased sevenfold, from 72 in  d(#1987 to 492 in 1995. A recent worldwide audit of USAID population programs by the Inspector General's Office found that the USAID exceeded planned outputs in six of eight performance indicators.  d(#lUSAID is supporting Malagasy child survival efforts to increase the use of effective child survival  d(#practices and services. Program interventions focus on an integrated approach toward the major  d(#causes of childhood death and disease: diarrheal disease, poor nutritional practices, acute respiratory"h)0*0*0*z+"  d(#infection, and lack of essential immunizations. USAID child survival activities will focus heavily on the  d(#family and on local communities, encouraging those who care for children to know how to prevent illness and what to do in case of sickness.  d(#The major challenge for FY 1997 and beyond is to further expand the number of sites providing quality  d(#family planning and child survival services, increasingly in the rural areas, while enhancing local  d(#0capacity to provide these services. The significant impact to date in this entire sector reinforces broader interest and will support greater success. , Strategic Objective 4: Reduce Total Fertility  }K- Agency Goal: Building Democracy  d(#Stability, greater participation, accountability, rule of law and decentralized decisionmaking are all  d(#@necessary to attain USAID's goal of broadbased, marketled sustainable economic growth in  d(#{Madagascar. Under the headings of democracy and improved governance, USAID will undertake  d(#yactivities in accountability and transparency; information, openness and free press; rule of law and legal  d(#]reform; and effective civil society within an expanded public policy dialogue. These activities are  d(#interrelated and will be found throughout the USAID program. Specifically, USAID will increase support  d(#for democratic institutions by improving the capacity and the role of civil society in the public policy  d(#arena, through assistance to the National Assembly, by supporting legal and judicial reform, and by  d(#increasing financial accountability and transparency. USAID encouraged the Government of  d(# Madagascar to establish a Commercial Law Reform Commission. Last December, the Prime Minister  d(#created the Commission by executive order. Over one hundred Malagasy judges and lawyers have been trained in freemarket based legal systems. , Strategic Objective 1: Establish Competitive Market Environment for Micro and Small Firms  }K- Agency Goal: Providing Humanitarian Assistance  }Kp- d(# USAID's Title II program, locally managed by Catholic Relief Services (CRS), reached approximately  d(#.78,000 beneficiaries participating in maternal child health, school feeding and general welfare programs  d(#in 1995. CRS has redefined its country program structure by decentralizing responsibility for program  d(#management and developing plans for a Food Assisted Child Survival/Focused Nutrition Program. This  d(#new approach features resource targeting to highrisk children under two and pregnant women, and  d(#kcommunitybased programs, both of which offer tremendous potential for enhanced program impact.  d(#kIn addition, data from the 1995 Knowledge, Practices and Coverage survey suggest that the mothers  d(#\who participate in the CRS Title II program have a higher level of knowledge and employ better health  d(#]practices than nonparticipating mothers. When compared to data for the 1992 Demographic and  d(#Health Survey for Madagascar, participating mothers use oral rehydration therapy more frequently for  d(# a child suffering from diarrhea (40% versus 29%); are more likely to have a child immunized against  d(#measles (65% versus 54%); and are more likely to have at least two tetanus injections prenatally (94%  d(#Nversus 44%). Although the results from these two surveys are not completely comparable, they  d(#strongly suggest that the child survival activities associated with the Title II program are improving the health status of Malagasy children.  }K#- , Strategic Objective 4: Reduce Total Fertility "$0*0*0*&"  X-Z#Xz_ p^7EX#MADAGASCAR -FY 1997 PROGRAM SUMMARY  X-#x6X@8;X@#у h ddx !ddx8HZ h    &&   `F+#O P7P#J  w Encouraging  Broadbased Economic  Growth[    `F4TAStabilizing#O P7P#у TJWorld Population <TBGrowth & >T@Protecting TFHuman TGHealth[   Protecting the Environment[   Building Democracy[   S^Providing Humanitarian A^Assistance[    `FQ_ f TOTALS ă   &&   `F  USAID Strategic  `F Objectives /  /  /  /  /  /     [  &&  1. Establish Competitive Market Environment for Micro and Small Firms Dev. Fund for AfricaO  ` D1,000,000O  O  O  `1,122,800O O  `"y2,122,800  z /  &v&  2. Increase Market Access for Neglected Regions Dev. Fund for Africav  ` D1,339,800v v v v v  `"y1,339,800z z O &vv&  3. Reduce Natural Resource Depletion Dev. Fund for AfricaCv Cv Cv  `7d7,796,600Cv Cv Cv  `"w7,796,600z z  &vv&  4. Reduce Total Fertility Dev. Fund for Africa P.L. 480, Title IIv  v  `_F7,489,572 `mv  v  v  `%3,624,000v  w7,489,572 w3,624,000z   C &v&   `FE Totals Dev. Fund for Africa P.L. 480, Title IIg   2,339,800 -Dg  `_F7,489,572 `mg  `7d7,796,600g  `1,122,800g  H^- H^- `%3,624,000g  _ _ |`"t18,748,772 _ _ |`"w3,624,000    ~J-`~(##J2PQ<P#USAID Mission Director: Donald R. Mackenzie "0*0*0*" #J2PQ<P# DOACTIVITY DATA SHEET   J- PROGRAM: MADAGASCAR  JZ- TITLE AND NUMBER: Establish Competitive Market Environment for Micro and Small Firms, 687S001  J$- STATUS: Continuing  J- PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: FY 1997: $2,122,800 DFA  J- INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1996; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 2000  ~JJ-Purpose: Foster an environment in which private competitive markets can flourish.  ~J- d(#LBackground: The standard of living in Madagascar is lower than it was twenty years ago as a result of  d(#a prolonged period under a socialist dictatorship. A democraticallyelected government has been in place  d(#ysince 1993, but much of the policy and regulatory structure of the socialist era has yet to be replaced by a modern framework which supports and encourages private initiative.  ~J - d(#USAID Role and Achievements to Date: USAID has concentrated on the financial sector where we  d(#support a revitalized, financially strong National Savings Bank and a strengthened and independent Central  d(#Bank. The National Savings Bank mobilizes private savings and investment and is the only financial  d(#xinstitution serving lowincome households throughout the country. The number of depositors has increased  d(#<by 70,000 since U.S. assistance began in 1993 and deposits are twoandahalf times higher. Despite high  d(#budget deficits, the Central Bank has used prudent monetary policies to reduce annual inflation from 55%  d(#at the end of 1994 to 37% at the end of 1995 and to meet monthly monetary growth targets agreed to with the International Monetary Fund.  ~J- d(#KDescription: USAID focuses on three activity areas: commercial law reform; financial sector modernization;  d(#and broader participation by citizens in the public policy arena. The first activity responds to the desire  d(#=of the business community to have access to a judicial system that will provide swift and fair treatment.  d(#LIn FY 1996 and FY 1997, USAID efforts will publish legal texts which are currently unavailable to judges  d(#and lawyers, train Malagasy judges and lawyers in commercial law, and provide expert assistance in legal  d(#|reform and court administration. The second area is implemented through the Financial Market  d(#Development program. The variety and quality of financial services offered to lowincome households has  d(#expanded and these service improvements will continue. In the third area, under the Participation and  d(#Poverty program, USAID will improve the ability of civil society groups to represent the interests of their  d(#members in public policy arenas and to become more active advocates of those interests. USAID will  d(#<involve groups currently excluded from public policy debates. Support will also be provided to Government specialists to improve the quality of policy analysis.  ~J- d(#yHost Country and Other Donors: As a condition for USAID assistance for the National Savings Bank, the  d(#Government of Madagascar (GOM) recapitalized the National Savings Bank with a $1.5 million transfer.  d(#The GOM also agreed to tie the rate of interest received by the Bank on its deposits at the Treasury to  d(#the Treasury Bill rate. This action increased Treasury interest payments to the Bank by $775,000 in 1995,  d(#much of which went to depositors through higher interest rates. The World Bank provides assistance to  d(#.privatize two stateowned banks, strengthen the Bank Supervisory Board, and computerize the Central Bank. USAID and the World Bank are jointly supporting commercial law reform.  ~J2#- d(#Beneficiaries: All Malagasy households and businesses will benefit from an improved policy environment  d(#and an improved judicial system, except those who are able to take advantage of current weaknesses in  d(#[public administration and the legal system for personal gain. Civil society groups around the country will benefit from increased capacity and increased advocacy.  ~J'- d(#Principal Contractors, Grantees, or Agencies: USAID implements current activities through a minority d(#{owned U.S. firm and local training institutions. Future activities will be implemented through a U.S. university, a U.S. private voluntary organization, local nongovernment organizations and U.S. firms."(0*0*0**"Ԍ ~J-ԙMajor Results Indicators:  ~J-` `  / / hhCBaseline`6 Y -ԍ#J2PQ<P#To be determined.`ppTargety   )  ~J-Deposits at National Savings BankhhC$3.25 million (1992)pp $9.50 million (1997)  ~JX-Number of depositors / / hhC254,770 (1992)pp  )428,000 (1997)  ~J -Backlog of commercial court caseshhC1,053 (1994)ppTBD  ~J-Increased number of civil societyhhCTBDqppTBD groups as active advocates in public policy arena "@*0*0*0*" DOACTIVITY DATA SHEET  J- PROGRAM: MADAGASCAR  JZ- TITLE AND NUMBER: Increase Market Access for Neglected Regions, 687S002  J$- STATUS: Continuing  J- PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: FY 1997: $1,339,800 DFA  J- INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1995; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 2004  ~JJ- d(#Purpose: To increase access to domestic and international markets for high potential but neglected regions.  ~J- d(#Background: Lack of market access for highpotential, but neglected agricultural zones has restrained  d(#zMadagascar from producing the agricultural surpluses needed to raise incomes and to sustain higher  d(#\economic growth rates. Agricultural productivity is limited by the lack of technology and inputs while  d(#marketing is constrained by inadequate transportation and communication infrastructure. By increasing  d(# the access of high potential zones to domestic and international markets, USAID will help raise small farmer incomes and boost the sales and employment of rural small and medium agribusinesses.  ~J- d(#USAID Role and Achievements to Date: USAID supports the revitalization of agricultural markets in the  d(#Kneglected regions to generate sustainable economic growth. USAID is also working with the private sector  d(#zto ensure that farm households and small agribusinesses have the resources to sustain increases in  d(#commercial production and marketing activities. The major commercial agricultural promotion activity  d(#.under this strategic objective started in September 1994. Through an input supply fund, Malagasy firms  d(#yimport and use U.S. equipment, materials and commodities in their agricultural marketing activities. USAID  d(#is currently awaiting delivery of Chevrolet trucks, Caterpillar equipment and John Deere tractors totaling  d(#K$513,000. As a result of targeted USAID assistance, 62 agribusiness clients are increasing production and  d(#marketing and improving product quality. During the 199596 dry season, USAID funded the rehabilitation  d(#jof 78 miles of farmtomarket roads, opening up rich agricultural production areas, many for the first time  d(#in decades. Farmers have reported on national radio that the prices for their products have improved  d(#substantially because of better market access due to USAID road rehabilitation. These producers have formed local associations to ensure maintenance of the roads.  d(#-Another USAID activity has shown farmers that new rice seed varieties can double yields without fertilizer  d(#and achieve 300400% increases with fertilizer. Nine new varieties of rice have been released for public  d(#use since 1994 and three new varieties resistant to the Rice Yellow Mottled Virus will be released in 1997.  d(#KThe ongoing nontraditional, agriculturalexport effort has clearly demonstrated that ruralbased enterprises  d(#can generate production and sales with appropriate technical assistance and market information. During  d(#Lthe last two years, these activities have led to direct sales of $5.9 million by bypassing traditional export  d(#.brokers and developing South Africa, Europe and the United States as alternative markets for Malagasy agricultural products.  ~J - d(#>Description: USAID's commercial agricultural promotion program will: (a) help rural small and medium  d(#>agribusinesses expand operations and improve productivity; (b) find new domestic and international  d(#markets for Malagasy agribusinesses; and (c) rehabilitate 437 miles of farmtomarket roads in two  d(#neglected but highpotential zones. Private importers pay in local currency for the equipment, materials  d(#and supplies made available through our input supply fund. That local currency is then programmed, with  d(#ythe Government of the Republic of Madagascar (GOM), to fund contracts with local construction firms to  d(#rehabilitate farmtomarket roads. Laborintensive methods of road rehabilitation provide an additional  d(#source of income to farmers in the target areas and give them the training needed to undertake basic road maintenance as well.  ~J'- d(#Host Country and Other Donors: The World Bank and the European Union will construct and/or  d(#rehabilitate key primary and secondary roads into which the USAID farmtomarket roads will feed. In"( 0*0*0**"  d(#addition, Japan provided $1 million to help fund the rehabilitation of selected USAID rural roads in 199596.  d(#USAID is exploring additional financing from Japan and the European Union for 199697. The World Bank  d(#and France also support institutional strengthening and urban infrastructure in four urban areas within  d(#>USAID's two high potential zones. The GOM contribution involves local currency for road contracts,  d(#managing the localcurrency fund, and helping with technical oversight of road rehabilitation activities.  d(#Private sector contributions from Malagasy firms include funding of complementary road maintenance  d(#works and monetary as well as inkind contributions toward the cost of technical assistance and training offered under this strategic objective.  ~J- d(#[Beneficiaries: Agribusinesses and rural producer associations in the high potential zones of Mahajanga  d(# and Fianarantsoa provinces, exporters of nontraditional products, and the importexport centers of Antananarivo and Tamatave.  ~J( - d(#LPrincipal Contractors, Grantees, or Agencies: USAID implements activities through two U.S. firms, three Malagasy subcontractor firms, and the International Rice Research Institute.  ~JH -Major Results Indicators:  ~J-` `  / / hhCBaselineppTarget  ~J-Volume production of key/ / hhC698,218 (1992)1pp1,040,000 (1999)  ~J-indicators products (tons)/ / hhCqpp  ~Jh-Total petroleum sales in/ / hhC67.01 million 2 (1992)pp155.0 million (1999) Fianarantsoa and Mahajanga  ~J-(liters)` `  / / hhC  ~J-Number of annual truck/ / hhC3,238 units 3 (1992)pp4,260 units (1999) registrations in Fianarantsoa  ~JP-and Mahajanga / / hhCq  ~J-Export of spices and essentialhhC$6.1 million (1992)ppFMG 30 Billion (1999)4  ~J-oils ` `  / / hhC  ~J- ` `  / / hhC __________________________  <58  ~J-1  Source: GOM Ministry of Agriculture  ~Jq-2  Source: GOM National petroleum company  ~J9-3  Source: GOM Ministry of Commerce  ~J-4 Foreign exchange rate to be calculated at the end of the target year " 0*0*0*L"  ~J-ODACTIVITY DATA SHEET Ð ~J-\  J- PROGRAM: MADAGASCAR  JZ- TITLE AND NUMBER : Reduce Natural Resources Depletion in Target Areas, 687S003  J$- STATUS: Continuing  J- PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCES: FY 1997: $7,796,600 DFA  J- INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1996; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 2001  ~JJ- d(#Purpose: To reduce natural resources depletion in target areas by conserving biodiversity in national  d(#yparks; improving management of forest resources; increasing income opportunities for resources users; and increasing natural resource institutional capacity.  ~Jj - d(#Background: Madagascar's natural resource base is seriously threatened. The scale and intensity of  d(#ydeforestation, loss of biological diversity, soil erosion and associated declines in overall land productivity  d(#are unparalleled. The economic cost of decreased agricultural productivity due to soil loss and fertility  d(#decline, loss of productive forests, damage to infrastructure because of soil erosion, and the costs of  d(#infrastructure maintenance and redesign is estimated to equal between 5% and 15% of Madagascar's  d(#igross domestic product (GDP) annually. Awareness of these problems led the Government of Madagascar  d(#(GOM) and the donor community to develop a 15year national Environmental Action Plan (EAP) in 1990  d(#as a framework for investment to protect natural resources and, at the same time, foster ecologically and economically sustainable development.  ~J:- d(#USAID Role and Achievements to Date: USAID has been a lead donor to the EAP since 1990, providing  d(#support in the areas of biodiversity conservation, forest management, policy development, and institutional  d(#strengthening. Key results include the establishment of a Malagasy institution to manage national parks  d(# and reserves and coordinate regional development plans to diminish pressure on the national parks.  d(#yUSAID also supports the National Office of the Environment in policy formulation and monitoring. In 1995,  d(#?the National Assembly approved a new law requiring environmental review for all investments in  d(#zMadagascar and the GOM established a private environmental endowment fund to finance locallevel  d(#jenvironmental management efforts. Communitybased management plans have been developed for four  d(#natural forests and will guide increased local community involvement in the management of natural  d(#resources. Revised stumpage fees for commercial timber species have resulted in a sevenfold increase in forest revenue collection which supports the sustainability of the National Forest Service operations.  ~J- d(#Description: The second fiveyear phase of the EAP (1996 2001) focuses on the transfer of natural  d(#jresource management responsibility to Malagasy institutions. USAID will focus on results in six different  d(#jareas: (1) development and application of environmental policies, legislation and procedures; (2) national  d(#parks management and ecotourism development; (3) promotion of multipleuse forest ecosystems and  d(#jsustainable soils and water management; (4) participatory community management of renewable natural  d(#resources; (5) environmental information management system; and (6) sustainable financing mechanisms.  d(#yAll USAID activities will concentrate on local empowerment to ensure consideration of social and cultural dimensions, local participation and customer focus.  ~J!- d(#Host Country and Other Donors: The Government of Madagascar strongly supports the EAP, providing  d(#20% of the total program costs. The EAP provides an overall framework for the intervention of all donors  d(#\in the environmental sector with the goal to maximize the use of available resources and to avoid the  d(#jduplication of efforts. Other donors active in the EAP are the World Bank, Switzerland, Germany, United Nations Development Program (UNDP), France and Japan.  ~JR&- d(#jBeneficiaries: The primary beneficiaries of the Environmental Program are the subsistence farmers and  d(#jnatural resource consumers who live in the villages surrounding the national parks and protected areas.  d(#yNotably, 35% of the households in priority areas in those zones have adopted alternatives to destructive  d(#[practices, and 39 community associations/nongovernment organizations are recipients of grants which"( 0*0*0**"  d(#promote sustainable natural resource management and capacity building of village groups. Further, 13  d(#village development committees last year received a share of park entrance fees for communitymanaged projects thereby establishing a conservation/development link.  ~JX-  ~J - d(#[Principal Contractors, Grantees, or Agencies: USAID implements activities through U.S. firms, the Peace Corps, the United States Geological Survey, U.S. and local NGOs, and U.S. universities.  ~Jx-Major Results Indicators:  ~J@-` `  / / hhCqBaselinepp  )Target  ~J-Natural habitats contained in MalagasyhhCq1,045,865 (1989)  )1,500,000 (1998) National Park System (no. of hectares)  ~J` -Number of qualified national park and hhCq0 (1992)pp   )39 (1998)  ~J( -reserve management plans implementedqpp  ~J -Number of qualified forestmanagementq0/0 (1992)pp   )8/4 (1998) plans developed/implemented  ~J -Percent of village households in priorityq0% (1992)pp   )50% (1998) zones that have adopted program sponsored alternatives to destructive practices "0 0*0*0* " DOACTIVITY DATA SHEET  J- PROGRAM: Madagascar  JZ- TITLE AND NUMBER: Reduce Total Fertility, 687S004  J$- STATUS: Continuing  J- d(# PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: FY 1997, $7,489,572 DFA; $3,624,000 P.L. 480, Title II  J- INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1995; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 2002  ~J-Purpose: To reduce the total fertility rate from 6.6 in 1991 to 5.6 in 1999.  ~J- d(#ZBackground: Madagascar's 2.8% per year population growth rate is characterized by both high fertility and  d(#Lhigh infantchild mortality rates. Less than 10% of Malagasy women are current users of contraception  d(#and have access to and use of key childsurvival, and nutrition interventions remain low. Stunting is found in 51% of children under five.  ~J - d(#USAID Role and Achievements to Date: USAID supports increased access to services through expanded  d(#Mnumbers of sites and outreach programs, training for serviceproviders and program managers, and  d(#-improved standards, supervision, logistics and information systems. As a result, contraceptive prevalence  d(#Lhas increased from 5% in 1992 to an estimated 9% in 1995. The number of service sites has increased  d(#from 150 in 1992 to 492 in 1995. Successful outreach programs are underway and contraceptive socialmarketing will begin in 1996.  ~J- d(#Description: USAID focuses on three activity areas: (a) increasing the use of modern contraceptives; (b)  d(#expanding the use of key child survival and nutrition interventions by health workers and caretakers; and  d(#[(c) improving sustainability through improved data for decisionmaking and better policies. USAID works  d(#with a wide range of public and private sector partners to implement its family planning and child survival  d(#zprograms. These organizations are responsible for developing service delivery systems, clinical and  d(#management training, contraceptive and equipment purchases, communications programs and community  d(#mobilization resulting in increased access to and use of quality family planning and child survival services.  d(#<Integration of these services is particularly important for child survival, since appropriate case management of the sick child is key to reducing mortality.  d(#The P.L. 480, Title II program is an integral component of USAID's child survival programming. Three  d(#jprominent features of this program are resource targeting to pregnant women and highrisk children age  d(#two and under, a transition from a centerbased to communitybased focus, and community health education.  ~J- d(#.Host Country and Other Donors: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and Germany provide strong,  d(#Lcomplementary assistance for family planning. Japan is becoming more active. The World Bank assists  d(#ynational drug policy formulation and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/Sexually Transmitted Disease  d(#prevention. The United Nations Children's Fund plays the lead role in childhood immunization programs. The Government of Madagascar provides an estimated $8 million in host country contributions annually.  ~Jj"- d(#Beneficiaries: Women of childbearing age and children under five years represent 42% of Madagascar's  d(#estimated 1996 population of 13.25 million. USAID programs will reach approximately 2.5 million women and children by 1999.  ~J%- d(#Principal Contractors, Grantees or Agencies: USAID implements activities through a U.S. nonprofit  d(#institution, the Peace Corps, local public sector institutions, and a wide variety of U.S. and local NGOs.  ~J'- "( 0*0*0**"  ~J-Major Results Indicators:  ~J-` `  / / hhCqBaselineppTarget  ~J-Contraceptive prevalence rate (%)hhCq3% (1991)pp14% (1997)  ~JX-Couple years protection/ / hhCq72,000 (1992)pp240,000 (1997)  ~J -Percent of children with diarrheahhCq26% (1992)pp55% (1998) receiving ORT  ~J-Percent of young children fullyhhCq43% (1992)pp65% (1998) vaccinated.