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P7@PK?!!, ,?xP7,PP1HHH,fC/^H6X@)^@d!T,,,!y}Tp?7d}*i88,~tiix7XDocument Style-?D&ARK+w-P/4?Df—+w-b*78   WPCL 2 2D }K-     6&A4 Port6&A4 PortHPLAIIA1.PRSx  3'3'StandardHPLAIIA1.PRSx  ) #hxP7@P# UINITIATIVE FOR SOUTHERN AFRICAà  }K-  }K- FY 1997 Development Fund for Africa:p(#T$38,712,000,000  }KX-  }K - Introduction.  }K-  }K- d(#x(# x(#  The southern Africa region is strategically located between the south Atlantic and Indian oceans, and  d(#is of growing importance to the United States. Comprised of eleven countries, including Angola,  d(# Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and  d(#Zimbabwe, the region has a combined land area of some 3.5 million square miles and a total population  d(#of about 130 million. The region is a source of strategic minerals such as platinum, gold, cobalt,  d(#diamonds and manganese, as well as petroleum. Political and economic changes have swept the  d(#{region in the last few years, enhancing the opportunities for growth and development. The newly  d(#elected leaders are committed to broadening participation and to undertaking reforms necessary for  d(# development. U.S. support is critical to the successful political and economic transformations taking  }K - d(#place. These changes will also enhance the use and impact of U.S. assistance. USAID's investment  }K - d(#=in an economically potent southern Africa will help stimulate markets for American goods and services.  }KH - d(# U.S. exports to the region are currently valued at $3.4 billion, or the equivalent of 60,000 jobs in the  d(#United States. Experience clearly demonstrates that the United States benefits directly from the economic expansion that its foreign aid helps fuel.  }Kh- The Development Challenge.  }K0-  }K- d(# The southern Africa region is currently undergoing a major political, economic and social transition, the  d(#outcome of which will be extremely important to the future interests of the United States. The brutal  d(#civil unrest that afflicted much of the region for more than three decades now appears to have  d(#subsided and the remaining autocratic regimes are rapidly giving way to fledgling democracies. Highly  d(#statist command economies are being restructured into open, free market economies where market  d(#forces rather than government bureaucracies determine the allocation of scarce resources in which  d(#conditions exist for the private sector to function as the engine of growth and job creation. A number  d(#of countries are already pursuing such liberalization measures as the privatization of stateowned  d(#enterprises, reduction in government functions and budgets, and deregulation permitting the private  d(#\sector to expand. Interest in investment and trade is increasing. With improved trade throughout the  d(#region, the vital components for private enterprise development (market, money and management), which are currently in short supply, will become increasingly available and accessible.  d(#1Despite the progress that has been made, much more remains to be done before the roots of  d(#democracy and the foundations for a free market economy become irreversible. Residents of the  d(#]region fear that the nascent democracies may topple in the face of ethnic tensions and economic  d(#.pressures, especially since newly formed economic and political structures are weak. The World Bank  d(#has emphasized that in addition to the economic reforms already underway in the region, the following  d(#0actions will be required to accelerate the region's aggregate economic growth. They include the  }K - d(#reduction and rationalization of central government expenditures , improved investment policies,  d(#1accelerating the expansion and diversification of exports, and improving the efficiency of the  d(#infrastructural base, especially through the reform of policies in the telecommunications and transportation sectors.  d(#The final outcome of these political and economic transitions will depend on how well the governments  d(#in the region respond to the needs of their rapidly growing populations. The region is experiencing  d(#population growth rates that are presently among the highest in the world. The incidence of infant  d(#mortality and HIV/AIDS infection is also comparatively high. To make matters worse, the region is also  d(#prone to drought and food deficits since rainfall is highly variable, soils are fragile, and irrigation  d(#infrastructure is limited. Major droughts in 1992 and again in 1994 have inhibited efforts to increase  d(#agricultural productivity, and have required large infusions of food aid. Environmental degradation has"h)0*0*0*z+"  d(#increased, and the maintenance of biodiversity is threatened by the encroachment of human populations on wildlife habitats.  d(#/These developments bring with them challenges that require human and financial resources beyond  d(#the means of the individual countries within the region to supply. The problems identified transcend  d(#\national boundaries. They are regional by nature and must be dealt with in coordinated fashion. This  d(#is an opportune time for the United States to advance its interests by supporting and strengthening the  d(#newly established democracies, stimulating economic growth, and reducing the need for costly humanitarian assistance in response to emergency situations.  }K- Other Donors.   }K-  d(#For decades the United States has been the major bilateral donor to the transport sector and the  d(#agriculture and natural resources sectors in the southern Africa region. USAID has collaborated with  d(#other donors on regional programs directed toward improved information and communications flow,  d(#rail and road infrastructure development, food security, human resources development, community d(#based natural resource management, and agricultural research. Since 1991, the United States has  d(#disbursed approximately US $426 million on regional programs in the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) region.  d(#MTwo other significant donors in the region include the European Union (EU) and the Nordic countries.  d(#{Through phase 1 of its Lome IV Convention, which ran from 19901995, the EU provided US $158  d(#million for regional programs in the SADC region. The EU has focused its assistance on food security,  d(#>agriculture and natural resources management, transport and communications, and human resource  d(#development. In carrying out its assistance, the EU is working closely with SADC, the regional  d(#/organization responsible for coordination of development efforts in the region. The Nordic countries  d(#have obligated about US $360 million in support of regional programs between 1990 and 1995 (this sum includes pledges to the ongoing SADC Program of Action).  d(#lOther major donors to SADC have included the World Bank, the African Development Bank, Great  d(#Britain, Germany, Canada, France, Japan, and Kuwait. The World Bank's support to SADC has  d(#focused mostly on regional transport and telecommunication infrastructure sectors. Private voluntary organizations and private and corporate foundations have also been active in the region.  }K- FY 1997 Program.  }K - d(# USAID's approach for helping the southern African region to achieve equitable, sustainable economic  d(# growth and successful democracies is embodied in the Initiative for Southern Africa (ISA). The ISA  d(#complements bilateral programs in the region with programs that address development constraints  d(#yneeding a coordinated regionwide response or which help to build links between two or more countries  d(#>in support of regional economic growth and democratic objectives. The ISA focuses in particular on  d(#addressing regional constraints to development in the areas of infrastructure, small and mediumscale  d(#business development, civic society and democratic governance and agriculture and natural resource  d(#management. Currently, the Initiative for Southern Africa (ISA) programs operate under a Startup  d(#/Strategic Framework which include provisional objectives, outcomes, targets and indicators. These  d(#program areas will be refined in the course of FY 1996 as USAID develops a longterm strategy for the southern Africa region.  d(#.Overall, the program supports three agency strategic goals, including building democracy; encouraging economic growth and protecting the environment.  }K'- Agency Goal: Building Democracy  }K(-  d(#Strategic objective number one of the ISA supports USAID's goal of fostering the growth of democratic"h)0*0*0*z+"  d(#institutions and political systems in recipient countries and regions. It contributes to U.S. foreign policy  d(#interests by promoting regional peace and stability. The formal structures of democracy are largely  d(#!in place in southern Africa but what is far less wellrooted is a "culture of democracy" in which  d(#citizens understand and exercise their democratic rights and in which the fundamental obligation of  d(#maccountability is accepted by their elected representatives and other participants in the formal  d(#kstructures of government. Through its individual country programs and the Southern Africa Regional  d(#MProgram (SARP), USAID assistance has been instrumental in promoting transitions from authoritarian  d(# rule to democratically elected governments in a number of countries. USAID also plans to extend its  d(#work in this area under the ISA through its five year, $10 million Southern Africa Regional Democracy  d(#Fund (SARDF). Initiated in FY 1995, SARDF will support mutuallyreinforcing multicountry and region d(#wide activities to broaden citizens' appreciation of the importance of maintaining democratic advances.  d(#The Fund will also work to strengthen nascent civil society institutions by improving the capacity of  d(#indigenous organizations to inform citizens of their rights and responsibilities in a democracy, by  d(#Nproviding training to enable legislators to more effectively represent constituents' interests and to  d(# manage the legislative process, and by empowering women to participate more fully in their nations'  d(#respective political lives. One of the grants awarded will train new female parliamentarians in Angola, Mozambique and Malawi, and encourage more women to run for local political offices.  }K- G Strategic Objective 1:4 Enhance the Skills, Knowledge Base and Capacity of Individuals and  Organizations Working to Strengthen the Democratic Process and Values in Southern Africa(#  }K0- Agency Goal: Encouraging Economic Growth  }K-  d(#]It is in the interest of the United States to help the southern Africa region to achieve equitable and  d(#sustainable economic growth. Just as U.S. investments in Asia and Latin America over the past three  d(#decades are now reaping substantial economic returns, USAID's assistance to this region is laying the  d(#{foundation for expansion of U.S. exports and economic growth in the 21st century. In particular,  d(#?USAID's investments in rail and road infrastructure over the past decade and current support for  d(#privatization and restructuring of telecommunications and railroads, are putting in place the key arteries  d(#along which trade and the information critical to private sector development will flow. The $100  d(#million Southern Africa Enterprise Development Fund, (SAEDF) established in late 1994, addresses the  d(#]financial constraint faced by indigenous small and mediumsized enterprises. The accompanying  d(#jtechnical assistance component will help these businesses to access and utilize effectively commercial  d(#financial resources. The Fund will be given added impetus by the Memorandum of Understanding that  d(#Vice President Gore signed with the SADC in December, 1995. In this agreement, the United States  d(#kindicated its interest in assisting the twelve countries of SADC in developing a free trade zone, using  d(#\the experience of the North American Free Trade Agreement as a guide. The members of SADC are  d(# anxious to replace aid with trade, and the USAID Regional Center located in Gaborone, Botswana is  d(#strategically placed to foster more and closer links between the countries in the region and the United  d(#States. Finally, USAID support for regionallycoordinated agricultural research and training has already  d(#begun to reap rich rewards in the form of an increased availability of higher yielding and/or drought  d(# resistant varieties of two of the region's most important crops for small farmers, sorghum and millet.  d(#/Three of the ISA's Strategic Objectives are fully consistent with and supportive of USAID's strategic goal of stimulating rapid balanced economic growth in recipient countries within the region.  }K$- Strategic Objective 2:4 Increased Indigenous Business Development and Ownership(#  }KH&- f Strategic Objective 3:4 Established Key Regional Conditions for Sustainable Increases of Agricultural and Natural Resources Productivity by Smallholders(#  }K(- 6 Strategic Objective 4:4 Increased Efficiency, Reliability, and Competitiveness of Regional Transport and Telecommunication Infrastructure (# "h)0*0*0*z+"Ԍ }K-ԙ Agency Goal: Protecting the Environment  }K-  d(#Environmental degradation, and the encroachment of human population on wildlife habitats, are  d(#.problems that need to be addressed by the countries of the southern Africa region. Strategic Objective  d(#No. 3 seeks to address these problems. The USAID has been supporting communitybased natural  d(#resource management programs in five countries within the region since the late 1980's. These  d(#projects have demonstrated that utilization of wildlife and indigenous plant species in a sustainable  d(#fashion can be a viable alternative to unsustainable agriculture practices on marginal lands. In addition,  d(#USAID has begun to provide assistance to a regional network of environmental nongovernmental  d(#korganizations and governmental organizations/universities seeking to collaborate on the development  d(#of sound policies and strategies for the environment. This strategic objective fully supports USAID's goal of preservation and protection of the environment.  }K( -   Strategic Objective 3: 4 Establish Key Regional Conditions for Sustainable Increases in Productivity of Agriculture and Natural Resources by Smallholders(# " 0*0*0* "  }K-U INITIATIVE FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA  }K-.FY 1997 PROGRAM SUMMARY ă  }K-#SxP7PP#у h ddx !ddx  Z h    &&   `F#O PE37ztP#h"      _ Encouragingg Broadbased  Economic  Growth@ "CXStabilizing LWorld @?Population D`Growth & BbProtecting HHuman HHealth @ "8 8 8 8 "Protecting the Environment@ "     Building Democracy@ "5 5 5 5 "Providing FHumanitarian Assistance 5 "             `Fxm TOTALS     & &  USAID Strategic Objectives                & &   `F 1. Enhance the Skills, Knowledge, and Capacity of Individuals and Groups Working to Strengthen Democratic Values and Processes in the Region Dev. Fund for Africa #*, *, *, *, *, *,  2,445,000 #t # #l l l l l l 200,000 #R, #V" V" V" V" V" V" }) 2,645,000    &&   `F2. Increased Indigenous Business Development and Ownership Dev. Fund for Africa#*, *, *,  12,890,000#t#   400,000#l#R,#V" V" V" z13,290,000    &&  3. Establish Key Regional Conditions for Sustainable Increases of Agricultural and Natural Resources Productivity by Smallholders Dev. Fund for Africa#*, *, *, *, *, *,  n 670,000#t#      <10,392,000#l#R,#V" V" V" V" V" V" |11,062,000   &&  4. Increased Efficiency, Reliability and Competitiveness of Regional Transport and Telecommunications Infrastructure Dev. Fund for Africa!#*, *, *, *, *, *,  11,715,000!#t!#!#l!#R,!#V" V" V" V" V" V" ~11,715,000    &&   `FP" Totals Dev. Fund for Africa P.L. 480 Title II$#*,   27,720,000 *,$#t t$# <10,792,000 $#l 200,000 l @ %#R, R,%#V" z38,712,000 *" V"  !  d(#v Note: The $38,712,000 shown in this table excludes $11,288,000 in Initiative for Southern Africa funds which have been attributed to country planning base levels. Therefore, the overall total for the Initiative is $50,000,000.  }K(-#hxP7@P#`(#USAID Mission Director: Valerie DicksonHorton"(0*0*0*'*!" >OACTIVITY DATA SHEET  }K- x(# X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:up of citizens distinguished in democracy activities from throughout the region, has been constituted  d(#and is holding an inaugural meeting in February 1996. The meeting will review and approve SARDF  d(#grantmaking criteria and initiate review of a longerterm strategy to promote democratic values and institutions regionwide under the ISA.  }K`"- d(#?Host Country and Other Donors: Aid from other donors flows through a number of unconnected  d(#channels, e.g., official donors (both bilateral and multilateral), parliamentary groups, international  d(#organizations, quasinongovernment organizations (NGOs), independent NGOs, churches and academic  d(#institutions. Efforts to coordinate donor assistance at the national level have met with varying degrees  d(#lof success. USAID is now actively coordinating with other donors as it commences its longterm strategy development process in Democracy and Governance.  }K'- d(#Beneficiaries: Successful promotion and strengthening of democratic institutions will benefit the entire  d(#Opopulation of the region. USAID funding focusses on civil society organizations, women and legislators."h)0*0*0*z+*!"Ԍ }K- d(#ԙPrincipal Contractors, Grantees or Agencies: USAID will implement this activity through indigenous  d(#southern African NGOs and other entities, which may on occasion work with U.S. or other nonindigenous partners.  }K -Major Results Indicators:hhCq  }K-` `  hhCqBaseline  )Target  }K-Number of legislators employing skills orq(0) (1995)  )250 500 trained (2002) techniques transmitted through projectsupported activities  }K-Number of organizations improving orq(0) (1995)   ) 50 (2002) increasing civic education activity;  }K-Number of organizations engaging for q(0) (1995)  )20 (2002) first time in development or dissemination of democracybuilding information  }K -Number of organizations employing new q(0) (1995)  )25 among five countries  }K -or improved approaches for increasing qpp  )(2002)  }K -citizen participation in elected governmentq(0) (1995)  )10 among five countries  }KH -Number of assisted women's hhCqpp  )(2002) groups/networks undertaking new advocacy programs  }K-Number of women employing skills orhhCq(0) (1995)  )100 among five countries  }Kh-techniques learned through projectfunded qpp  )(2002) activities "0*0*0**!" >OACTIVITY DATA SHEET  }K- PROGRAM: INITIATIVE FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA  }KX-TITLE AND NUMBER: Increased Indigenous Business Development and Ownership, 690S0029!Kai, aren't these supposed to be data sheets for each SO, not for the individual activities under the SO? In this case, then, the Title should not read SAEDF Fund, but the broader objective of indigencous business ownership, no? ws  }K -STATUS: Continuing  }K-PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: FY 1997: $15,750,000 DFA  }K-INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1995; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 1999  }Kx-  }K- d(# Purpose: To provide increased jobs and incomes to the disadvantaged in southern Africa, USAID is  d(#financing the establishment of the Southern Africa Enterprise Development Fund (SAEDF). SAEDF will  d(#provide financial services such as debt or equity financial guarantees and related technical and  d(#!managerial services to small and mediumscale enterprises (SMEs). The fund will operate as an  d(#independent nonprofit corporation but is expected to focus investments to ensure financial sustainability in order to continue to service the financial needs of SMEs.  }K - d(#Background: Investment and trade interest is seen to be increasing. The process is enhanced by the  d(#gradual cessation of civil strife in most of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC)  d(#countries. The three vital components for enterprise development, "markets, management and  d(#money," are still in short supply, but with improved trade throughout the region, the markets will  d(#\become increasingly attractive. The larger enterprises in most parts of the region will be able to take  d(#advantage of these new market opportunities, but SMEs will suffer from shortages of management and  d(#capital. More open markets, better management, and enhanced capital availability in the SME sector will ensure greater participation by lower income groups in the benefits of economic growth.  }K- d(#.USAID Role and Achievements to Date: The SAEDF has been established, with a sixteenperson board  d(#of directors (six representing southern Africa and ten from the U.S.), led by the chairman, Ambassador  d(#NAndrew Young. The chief executive officer has been selected, and the SAEDF office opened in  d(#/Johannesburg in January 1996. Fifty million dollars has been obligated and is available for SAEDF's  d(#immediate use. The technical assistance package to help the smaller of the SMEs to utilize the fund  d(#more effectively is in the final stages of design, and will come on stream as the Fund begins  d(#operations. Bilateral programs have already developed appropriate mechanisms to assist the fund to  d(#find suitable initial investments. In addition, under a separate activity USAID is supporting SADC  d(#efforts to move toward greater trade integration and liberalization. This effort will in turn enhance indigenous business development in the region by opening new market opportunities.  }K - d(#Description: The SAEDF will operate as an independent nonprofit corporation but is expected to focus  d(#{investments to ensure financial sustainability in order to continue to service the financial needs of  d(#{SMEs. The SAEDF will be complemented by a technical assistance project aimed at improving the  d(#institutional capability of intermediary financial institutions in the region to service the technical,  d(#managerial and investment needs of the smallest enterprises in the SME sector. USAID will undertake  d(#zanalyses in support of this strategic objective and engage in policy dialogue with regional institutions, the private sector and governments, to expand trade and open markets.  }K`"- d(#/Host Country and Other Donors: Since SAEDF will be able to meet only a fraction of the total annual  d(#/investment needs of the SME sector (estimated between $800 million and $1 billion), USAID seeks to  d(#leverage its funds by encouraging other donors to participate in the fund directly or on a parallel or co d(#?financing basis in SAEDF projects. Discussions have started with the Government of Japan, the European Union, the Nordic countries and the Commonwealth Development Fund.  }K'- d(#Beneficiaries: Small and mediumscale enterprises in Botswana, Zambia, Malawi, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Angola, Tanzania, Mozambique, Lesotho, Namibia and Swaziland. "(0*0*0***!"  }K-Principal Contractors, Grantees or Agencies: SAEDF, Southern Africa Development Community  }KX-Major Results Indicators:X K<ԍ#ixP7@P#These Major Results Indicators will be modified and or redefined during the development of the long term strategy plan.hhCq  }K -` `  hhCqBaseline   K<ԍ#ixP7@P#To be determined#x6X@8;ڊX@#ц  )Target2  }K-An increase in the number ofhhCqTBDpp  )TBD xxX indigenouslyowned small and mediumscale enterprises "@ 0*0*0**!" >OACTIVITY DATA SHEET  }K- PROGRAM: INITIATIVE FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA  }KX- d(# TITLE AND NUMBER: Establish Key Regional Conditions for Sustainable Increases of Agricultural and Natural Resources Productivity by Smallholders, 690S003.  }K- STATUS: Continuing  }K- PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: FY 1997: $17,750,000 DFA  }Kx-  INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1996; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 1999  }K- d(#[Purpose: To establish the key regional conditions for sustainable increases in productivity of agriculture and natural resources by smallholders.  }K` - d(#Background: Agriculture and natural resourcerelated production continues to be, the major force  d(#driving economic development in most southern African countries where over twothirds of the  }K - d(#jpopulation depends on agriculture for employment and income. The resource base including reserves  d(#=of minerals, productive fisheries, and a diverse wildlife that sustains a growing ecotourism less than  d(#eight percent of the land is arable, and subjected to growing degradation from drought, overgrazing  d(# and overharvesting. Productivity and production per capita declined in most countries over the past  d(#decade. USAID attempted to reverse this decline and to assist the region's poorest by investing in  d(#zagricultural research on the subsistence food crops of small farmers sorghum, millet, cassava and sweet potatoes and in developing practices to sustainably manage wildlife in marginal areas.  }K0- d(#@USAID Role and Achievements to Date: USAID assistance dates to the early 1980's, and has  d(#?concentrated on assisting Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) coordination units to  d(#0improve the effectiveness of regional research and training efforts in the agricultural and natural  d(#resource sectors, and in promoting communitybased natural resources management in areas unsuitable  d(#for intensive agriculture. New activities financed under the Initiative for Southern Africa aim to  d(#encourage a greater role for the nongovernmental sector in technology dissemination, environmental  d(#Meducation, and in the analysis and development of appropriate environmental policies and strategies.  d(#USAID provides support to the SADC agricultural and natural resources research coordination unit,  d(#/Southern Africa Center for Cooperation in Agricultural Research (SACCAR), for its efforts in priority  d(#setting, regional coordination, and impact assessment, and sponsors the programs of three of the  d(#twelve regional research networks which SACCAR manages in collaboration with International  d(#Agricultural Research Centers and national agricultural research systems: the Sorghum and Millet  d(#Improvement Program and the Southern Africa Root Crops Research Network. In addition to providing  d(#the national agricultural research systems with high yielding varieties for local testing, these programs  d(#provide the national agricultural research systems with technical assistance, training and information.  d(#Over 25 final releases of sorghum and millet led to production increases in Namibia and Zimbabwe.  d(#Cassava and sweet potato lines are still in the selection stage in most of the SADC countries. Over 100  d(#lmillion farmers are targeted by SACCAR to receive improved crop, livestock and natural resource  d(#Linformation and proven technologies. The research programs trained over 100 research scientists, 200  d(#research technicians and over 800 national agricultural research systems decision makers and staff in  d(#various aspects of research management, thereby greatly strengthening regional program priority  d(#zsetting and implementation. Working with the ministers of agriculture and natural resources, SACCAR  d(#Oproduced an eastern and southern Africa strategy for improving the working environment for agriculture in the region, which has been approved by the heads of state of the participating countries.  d(#In order to assure local empowerment over natural resource assets, USAID has supported community d(# based natural resource management initiatives in four countries of the region Botswana, Namibia,  d(#Zambia and Zimbabwe as well as regional networking and training initiatives supported by the SADC  d(#\unit in charge of wildlife, which is based in Malawi. These communitybased activities demonstrated  d(#that sustainable utilization of wildlife and indigenous plant species can be a viable alternative to  d(# unsustainable agricultural practices on marginal lands. Communities are now receiving hundreds of"h) 0*0*0*z+*!"  d(#Lthousands of dollars in new revenues each year through a variety of wildlife utilization schemes. Illegal  d(#activities have been reduced, employment generated and regional governments are now putting in place laws and policies which will promote and sustain these communitybased efforts.  }K - d(#Description: USAID focusses on three major and two intermediate outcomes. The major outcomes  d(#are: (1) sustainable and profitable technologies and approaches developed and demonstrated for  d(#regional application, (2) regional policies in place which support sustainable productivity increases, and  d(#/(3) mechanisms for regional sharing of information and technology institutionalized. The intermediate  d(#outcomes include: strengthened regional institutional capacity, and improved data and analysis for  d(#regional ecosystem management. Several activities initiated in FY 1995 requires additional funding  d(#in FY 1997, including a collaborative program with the World Conservation Union's Regional Office for  d(#zSouthern Africa. This program strengthens the capacity of the World Conservation Union's Regional  d(#Office for Southern Africa member organizations to effectively implement activities in the region in  d(#Nenvironmental economics, policy analysis, and environmental education. Support continues for a  d(#knumber of the ongoing agricultural research programsI'd suggest we not make specific reference to support for Heartwater research unless we are certain we want to do it. Are we? ws, including communitybased natural resources  d(#>management activities and expanded data collection and policy analysis through such collaborations  }K -as the one initiated this year with regional universities through the University of Swaziland.   }K- d(#Host Country and Other Donors: In the agricultural and natural resource sector, host governments,  d(#znongovernmental organizations, the private sector and donors collaborate on a daily basis. Many of  d(#USAID's programs are cofinanced, and in the case of SACCAR, the SADC Member States contribute  d(#over 60% of the total operating costs. USAID remains the major donor in these two sectors. Other active donors are the European Union, German Aid Agency, and Nordic countries.  }K- d(#NBeneficiaries: The primary beneficiaries of regional programs are the collaborating agencies and  d(# organizations through which assistance is delivered to smallholders, which benefit from institutional  d(#and human resource strengthening. The target groups of these organizations are an estimated 100 million subsistence farmers and smallholders living in marginally productive agricultural areas. .  }K- d(#Principal Contractors, Grantees or Agencies: The International Institute of Tropical Agriculture,  d(#\International Crops Research Institute for the SemiArid Tropics and International Service for National  d(#Agricultural Research are grantees. Regional organizations such as the SADC Secretariat, SACCAR,  d(#>World Conservation Union's Regional Office for Southern Africa, SADC/Wildlife, and several national  d(#universities are also acting as executing agents. International Nongovernmental organizations such as  d(#/World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, PACT or private contractors such as Chemonics are  d(#zthe implementors. In all cases, however, host governments are active participants and partners with USAID's regional programs.   }K-Major Result Indicators: K <ԍ#ixP7@P#These Major Result Indicators will be modified and or redefined during the development of the long term strategy plan.  }Kx-` `  hhCqppBaselinex  K(#<ԍ#ixP7@P#To be determined#x6X@8;ڊX@#ц xxXTarget 2X01Í ÍX01Í Í    }K@-Improved coordination of agricultural research programs on a  )TBDxxX TBD regional basis as evidenced by prioritized plans and investments  }K -Improved dissemination of technologies qppTBD  )xxXTBD developed in regional programs to intended users  }K`"-An improved data base on the region's natural resourceppTBD  )xxXTBD endowment upon which to base regional planning  }K#-Appropriate institutional models developed forppTBD  )xxXTBD sustainable communitybased management of natural resources "$ 0*0*0*&*!"Ԍ >OACTIVITY DATA SHEET  }KX- PROGRAM: Initiative for Southern Africa  }K - d(# TITLE AND NUMBER: Increased Efficiency, Reliability and Competitiveness of Regional Transport and  }K-Telecommunications Infrastructure, 690S004.  }K-STATUS: Continuing  }Kx-PROPOSED OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: FY 1997 $13,500,000 DFA  }K@- INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1996; ESTIMATE COMPLETION DATE: FY 1999  }K- d(#"Purpose: To increase the efficiency, reliability and competitiveness of regional transport and telecommunications infrastructure.  }K - d(#