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Center for Population, Health and Nutrition
>> Return to Home Page >> Central Programs >> Global Programs >> Population, Health and Nutrition ACTIVITY DATA SHEET
PROGRAM: Central Programs
TITLE AND NUMBER: Increased use by women and men of voluntary practices that contribute to reduced fertility, 936-001 IR 1.4 Increased access to, quality of, cost-effectiveness of, and motivation to use family planning, breastfeeding, and selected reproductive health information and services
STATUS: Continuing
PLANNED FY 2001 OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: $55,733,000 DA
PROPOSED FY 2002 OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: $53,208,000 DA
INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1996; ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: ContinuingSummary: Many women and infants in the developing world are at risk of death because of unwanted/unintended pregnancies and "high risk" births-births occurring too early or late in a women's life, or that are too high in number or too closely spaced. In addition, pregnancy, childbirth and incomplete abortions are the major causes of death for women aged 15-19. Improving access to, quality and cost-effectiveness of, and motivation to use family planning can help women plan the healthy timing and spacing of their children. This, in turn, contributes to stabilizing world population and protecting human health.
To address these problems, the Global Bureau's Center for Population, Health, and Nutrition (the center) works to improve health systems' capabilities to respond effectively to existing demand for family planning and reproductive health (FP/RH) information and services. The Center takes steps working to improve health systems' capabilities to respond effectively to existing demand for FP/RH information and services. The Center takes steps to increase FP/RH awareness, women's and community empowerment, and demand for such services and information. The ultimate beneficiaries are women and men of reproductive age in developing countries who will have greater access to quality FP/RH information and services, and children up to five years old whose health will improve because of improved birth spacing.
Activities focus on expanding service-delivery points (in the public, private commercial and non-governmental organization [NGO] sectors), enhancing quality through a client-centered orientation that emphasizes voluntarism and informed choice, supporting community participation in setting healthful community norms, improving contraceptive logistics, and expanding cost-effective approaches, including training in cost-management. Activities also include increasing women's and community empowerment and demand for services by improving communications with clients and communities, strengthening linkages between FP/RH and integrated women's education/health services, hygiene, and other programs, and, as appropriate, addressing community-level gender issues (e.g., domestic violence and its relationship to unintended pregnancies).
Key Results: With respect to expanding access, in FY 2000, the Center's Cooperating Agencies supported the delivery of FP/RH information and services in 37 countries through public sector programs; 25 countries through private commercial sector programs; and 35 countries through private voluntary and non-governmental organizations' programs.
As part of this effort: (1) Pathfinder International reached over four million new contraceptive users (compared to one million in FY 1998) in 12 countries, and trained more than 12,000 service providers and managers; (2) the Improving Nutrition and Reproductive Health (LINKAGES) activity advanced women's nutrition, the Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM) of contraception, breastfeeding, and weaning practices in 16 countries (compared to 11 countries in FY 1998); (3) Commercial Market Strategies (CMS) supported private commercial sector service delivery in 21 countries in FY 2000, and increased Couple Years' Protection by 30% in Uganda, Madagascar, Senegal and Morocco; (4) the Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere (CARE) provided quality FP/RH services at over 1,200 sites in eight countries (compared to 800 sites in 1999) and reached over 170,000 continuing contraceptive users (compared to 145,000 in FY 1999); and (5) through the NGO Networks consortium, Networks' partners introduced FP/RH programs in 43 countries beyond contractual requirements.
With respect to improving quality, cost-effectiveness and motivation to use family planning, the program achieved the following results, among others, in FY 2000:
EngenderHealth (formerly AVSC) strengthened quality assurance/quality improvement systems at 103 institutions in 19 countries; and revised standards, norms, or /guidelines for improved quality in 14 countries.
In Madagascar, LINKAGES has improved the quality of services by integrating family planning and LAM, infant feeding, child survival, and maternal nutrition into comprehensive community-based programs in 10 districts covering a population of 3.2 million, and including over 140 new FP/RH sites.
Performance and Prospects: The Center has moved forward on expanding quality, sustainable public, commercial and NGO sector service delivery; enhance quality of services, focusing especially on clients' needs and perceptions, and strengthening informed choice; and establishing multi-sectoral alliances to scale-up quality FP/RH information and service delivery. In FY 2001, a new state-of-the-art FP/RH information and service delivery program was started to increase use of quality, sustainable services in clinical and non-clinical programs. This new activity will help establish partnerships among the public, private, PVO/NGO and non-health sectors (e.g., girl's education, environment and micro-enterprise), as well as other donors and foundations.
Possible Adjustments to Plans: Young people represent one-fourth of the world's population and have extraordinary FP/RH needs. To address this demand the Center will launch in FY 2002 a new five-year program to delay sexual initiation, reduce unwanted sex, and increase the use of preventive practices and RH services by young people in developing countries.
Other Donor Programs: The Center collaborates with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Kingdom Department for International Development, Pan American Health Organization, the World Bank, and the International Planned Parenthood Federation. Host country partners, including national and local governments, private sector entities, NGOs, and community organizations, have primary responsibility for program implementation.
Principal Contractors, Grantees or Agencies: USAID implements activities through Pathfinder International, CARE, Save the Children, Management Sciences for Health, Centre for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA), Academy for Educational Development, Deloitte and Touche, the Centre for African Family Studies, the Forum for African Women Educationalists, Profamilia/Colombia, various contraceptive manufacturers, and other cooperating agencies, U.S. private voluntary organizations, private companies, and host country institutions. In FY 2001, a new procurement is planned to address the special needs of young people.
Selected Performance Measures:
Indicator FY97 (Actual) FY98 (Actual) FY99 (Actual) FY00 (Actual) FY01 (Plan) FY02 (Plan) Indicator 1: Mean desired family size 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 Indicator 2: Mean number of modern methods known by women of reproductive age 5.2 5.8 6.1 6.3 5 6 Indicator Information
Indicator Level (S)or(IR) Unit of Measure Source Indicator Description Indicator 1: IR4 # of children per woman DHS The number of children a woman reports she would choose to have if she could start over. Indicator 2: IR4 Number of methods DHS Derived from sum of # of modern methods known by women ages 15-49 years divided by # of women surveyed U.S. Financing
(In thousands of dollars)
Obligations Expenditures Unliquidated Through September 30, 1999 659,371 DA 598,802 DA 60,569 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA 0 DFA Fiscal Year 2000 48,034 DA 49,794 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA Through September 30, 2000 707,405 DA 648,596 DA 58,809 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA 0 DFA Prior Year Unobligated Funds 2,143 DA 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 DFA Planned Fiscal Year 2001 NOA 55,733 DA 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 DFA Total Planned Fiscal Year 2001 57,876 DA 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 DFA Future Obligations Est. Total Cost Proposed Fiscal Year 2002 NOA 53,208 DA 254,067 DA 1,072,556 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA 0 DFA
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Last Updated on: May 29, 2002 |
