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V. Performance Results (continued)

ANNUAL PERFORMANCE GOAL 2 — Partnerships, Initiatives, and Implemented International Treaties and Agreements that Protect the Environment and Promote Efficient Energy Use and Resource Management.

I/P: Institutionalizing Sustainable Development

INDICATOR: Number of People in Target Areas With Access to Adequate Safe Water Supply and/or Sanitation That Meets Sustainability Standards
USAID Seal Output
JUSTIFICATION: Safe, sustainable supplies of water and sanitation have many environmental and health benefits, such as preserving natural resources and reducing infectious disease rates.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target
  • 11,738,654 people in target areas with improved access to adequate safe water supply.
  • 14,193,418 people in target areas with access to sanitation that meets sustainability standards.
Results
  • 18,441,762 people in target areas with improved access to adequate safe water supply, 57% above the FY 2006 target.
  • 13,531,629 people in target areas with access to sanitation that meets sustainability standards, 5% below the FY 2006 target.
Rating On Target
Impact Results will accelerate and expand international efforts to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals and implement the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, including halving by 2015 the proportion of people who are unable to reach or afford safe drinking water.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Preliminary result data from USAID operating units. Results for FY 2006 do not include information from the Online Presidential Initiative Network, which has been phased out.
Data Quality
(Verification)
The Agency’s performance data are verified using Data Quality Assessments (DQA), and must meet five data quality standards of validity, integrity, precision, reliability and timeliness. The methodology used for conducting the DQAs must be well documented by each operating unit. (For details, refer to USAID’s Automated Directive System [ADS] Chapter 203.3.5, http://www.usaid.gov/policy/ads/200/203.pdf).
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005
  • 24,167,302 people in target areas with improved access to adequate safe water supply, a 124% increase over FY 2004.
  • 26,720,257 people in target areas with access to sanitation that meets sustainability standards, a 141% increase over the FY 2004 baseline.
2004
  • 10,810,722 people in target areas with improved access to adequate safe water supply, a 254% increase from FY 2003.
  • Baseline: 11,104,271 people in target areas with access to sanitation that meets sustainability standards. This measure serves as a baseline.
2003
  • 3,050,635 people in target areas with improved access to adequate safe water supply and/or sanitation that meets sustainability standards.

 

INDICATOR: Number of People with Adequate Access to Modern Energy Services
USAID Seal Output
JUSTIFICATION: Access to energy supplies and services promotes natural resource conservation, improves standards of living, and enhances economic opportunity, fostering increased sustainable development overall.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target 50,000,000 people with access to modern energy services.
Results 54,834,504 people with access to modern energy services, a 10% increase over the FY 2006 target.
Rating Above Target
Impact Expanded access to modern energy services has contributed to improved health care, promoted micro-enterprise development, and improved agricultural productivity in twenty-four USAID-assisted countries.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Preliminary data from USAID operating units.
Data Quality
(Verification)
The Agency’s performance data are verified using Data Quality Assessments (DQA), and must meet five data quality standards of validity, integrity, precision, reliability and timeliness. The methodology used for conducting the DQAs must be well documented by each operating unit. (For details, refer to USAID’s Automated Directive System [ADS] Chapter 203.3.5, http://www.usaid.gov/policy/ads/200/203.pdf).
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005 48,772,600 people with access to modern energy services, a 848% increase from FY 2004.
2004 5,140,411 people with access to modern energy services, a 7.9% increase from the FY 2003 baseline.
2003 Baseline: 4,765,923 people with access to modern energy services.

 

Building Access to Safe Drinking Water

Photo showing a Navobod villager collecting water from a USAID-funded pump located steps away from his home.USAID works with 16 communities and about 12,000 beneficiaries in the district of Panjakent, supporting projects that focus on drinking water, irrigation, drainage systems, small bridges, and electric systems. In addition to funding important improvements, USAID helps villages create community organizations and develop capacity to address pressing social and economic issues. Through these activities, the project helps reduce tensions between villages, ethnic groups, and governing bodies in an area where competition for resources could potentially lead to conflict. In FY 2006, USAID supported installation of a water supply system to install more than 2.5 kilometers of pipeline and 15 water fountains in the village of Navobod in Panjakent District, in Tajikistan’s Sughd Province. This infrastructure will provide access to safe drinking water to over 1,000 residents. A safe water system was also installed in the village of Jangal, serving more than 800 residents. Previously, the nearest sources of drinking water for these communities were natural springs, located far from the villages in this poor, remote area of Tajikistan. To bring safe drinking water to the villages, USAID’s project cooperated with local communities. The villages donated labor and meals for workers, helped communicate with authorities, and committed to contribute to the system’s maintenance and operations costs.

A Navobod villager collects water from a USAID-funded pump located steps away from his home. Photo: Mercy Corps

I/P: Coastal and Marine Resources

INDICATOR: Implementation of Measures to Conserve and Protect Vulnerable Marine Species
Department of State seal Output
JUSTIFICATION: U.S. interest in promoting sound management of living marine resources requires the development and verifiable enforcement of agreed international standards. Oceans and fisheries are critical for global food security and for sustaining economic prosperity, particularly in developing countries. Effective conservation of living marine resources must be broader than single-stock management and reflect the complexity of the ecosystem as a whole.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target
  • Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission adopts initial set of conservation and management measures.
  • With science-based input from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species continues to list marine fish species that meet its criteria.
  • International Whaling Commission scientific committee reviews status of bowhead and gray whale stocks to set new catch limit recommendations.
Results
  • First conservation and management measures for Pacific tuna fisheries adopted in December 2005.
  • Proposals prepared to list additional marine species for the next Conference of the Parties in June 2007.
  • Strengthening current co-operation with other relevant organizations to ensure conservation and management of marine living resources in the Convention area in a manner consistent with international law.
  • The Scientific Committee work on status review for bowhead and gray whales will deliver catch limit recommendations in 2007.
Rating On Target
Impact
  • Measures adopted form a basis for management of valuable Pacific yellowfin and bigeye tuna fisheries and slow the decline of these stocks.
  • Controls allow better tracking of non-commercially traded marine species, particularly vulnerable sharks.
  • Global implementation of simple changes to fishing gear or fishing patterns, largely developed in the United States, result in significant reductions in the number of endangered sea turtles killed in longline fisheries.
  • Estimated illegal taking of toothfish decreased and seabird bycatch within the convention area also continued to decrease.
  • The scientific integrity and diligence in bowhead and gray whale stock assessments should eliminate any credible scientific arguments against approving the 2008-2012 aboriginal subsistence quotas in 2007.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Department of State.
Data Quality
(Verification)
Reliable data come from meeting reports of the listed organizations, as verified by U.S. delegates, and from Department reports on related activities.
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005
  • New listings or additional protections for several marine species, including great white sharks.
  • U.S. proposals led regional fisheries bodies to support broader implementation of measures to reduce turtle bycatch in longline fisheries.
  • Resolution passed criticizing the Japanese research whaling program and requesting it be stopped immediately or replaced by non-lethal data collection.
2004
  • Additional States signed and effectively implemented the Indian Ocean Sea Turtle memorandum of understanding.
  • U.S. continued to press for new and refined measures to reduce bycatch, including within regional fisheries bodies.
  • U.S. and Taiwan encouraged responsible fishing practices and control capacity, as defined by the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries.
2003
  • Several vulnerable marine species listed. Proposals rejected to downlist whale species and to allow trade in whale products.
  • U.S. provided assistance to help developing States implement the Indian Ocean Sea Turtle memorandum of understanding and its associated Conservation and Management Plan.
  • Renewed U.S. aboriginal bowhead and gray whale quota. Iceland began “scientific” whaling program.

 

INDICATOR: Implementation of Marine Protected Areas
Department of State seal Outcome
JUSTIFICATION: The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation advocates the use of marine protected areas as a tool for conserving marine biodiversity.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target U.S. contributes, through international fora, to strengthen networks of marine protected areas by 2012, consistent with international law and based on scientific information.
Results In the UN General Assembly, the U.S. worked multilaterally and succeeded in including references to networks of marine protected areas. In the South Pacific Regional Environment Program the U.S. supported a plan, which was approved, to initiate the development of a regional framework to support the establishment of marine protected areas in the region.
Rating On Target
Impact International fora have adopted plans that contribute to networks of marine protected areas.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs.
Data Quality
(Verification)
Reliable data come from meeting reports as verified by U.S. delegates.
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005 At the UN General Assembly, the U.S. worked to incorporate appropriate references to networks of marine protected areas in the annual Oceans resolution. The U.S. contributed to management plans that were developed for marine protected areas of several Pacific small island developing states.
2004 Recommendations adopted to conserve biological diversity in protected areas and other innovative approaches for conservation and sustainable use of marine and coastal biodiversity.
2003 Special Protected Areas and Wildlife in the Wider Caribbean Protocol ratified.

 

INDICATOR: Extent to Which Depleted Stocks of Living Marine Resources Rebuild to Healthy Levels Through Coordinated, Science-Based Management
Department of State seal Outcome
JUSTIFICATION: This indicator addresses the core function of the International Fisheries Commissions: to facilitate international cooperation to maintain or rebuild populations of shared fish stocks and other living marine resources. The Johannesburg Declaration includes a goal of progress towards recovery of depleted stocks of living marine resources by 2015.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target
  • Northwest Atlantic yellowtail flounder stocks fully rebuilt.
  • International Pacific Halibut Commission implements revised management measures for Pacific halibut based on results of multi-year assessment program.
Results The 2006 assessment by the Scientific Council of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization confirms that the once-depleted Grand Banks yellowtail flounder stock is fully rebuilt. The multi-year Pacific halibut assessment, and subsequent management changes, were delayed.
Rating Below Target
Impact

The recovery of this stock, which was once so depleted it was subject to a ban on all directed fishing, reinforces the importance of science-based, precautionary management to rebuild valuable fish stocks. Sustainable harvests of yellowtail flounder continue to increase and now constitute one of the few healthy fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic.

Delays in completing the multi-annual assessment make scientific assessments of the condition of the Pacific Halibut stock more uncertain and delay anticipated changes in the fishing allocations between the United States and Canada.

Reason for Shortfall Three years of funding shortfalls to the Pacific Halibut Commission forced a delay in the completion of the full assessment and rendered earlier survey work unusable.
Steps to Improve Secure sufficient funding to the International Pacific Halibut Commission to permit the necessary surveys and data-gathering to complete the assessment.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Bureau of Oceans, International Environmental and Scientific Affairs will track, based on information from Commissions and the Food and Agriculture Organization.
Data Quality
(Verification)
Data on current stock conditions represents the best available science. Information on scientific assessments is gathered from the annual reports of the respective fisheries commissions as verified by U.S. delegates.
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005
  • The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas deferred agreement on long-term recovery measures for Atlantic marlin until a new scientific stock assessment is conducted in 2006.
  • New sharing arrangements for Pacific chum salmon negotiated through the Pacific Salmon Commission.
  • Management measures implemented to halt decline of vulnerable North Atlantic skate stocks.
2004
  • Multi-year management strategy implemented for Eastern Tropical Pacific tuna stocks.
  • Bowhead whale stocks increase 3.4 percent towards non-endangered levels.
  • North Atlantic swordfish stocks fully rebuilt.
2003 Baseline: Rebuilding plans in place setting long-term recovery measures for North Atlantic swordfish and Western Atlantic bluefin tuna.

 

I/P: Conservation of Biological Diversity, Protected Areas, Forests, and Other Natural Resources

INDICATOR: Number of Hectares under Increased Conservation and Improved Management
USAID Seal Output
JUSTIFICATION: Biodiversity conservation and sound natural resource management promote improved quality of life and well-being.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target
  • 57,075,632 hectares under improved management (biodiverse landscapes, forests, watersheds, agricultural, and natural landscapes).
  • 22,677,926 hectares under increased conservation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems.
Results
  • 69,467,880 hectares under improved management (biodiverse landscapes, forests, watersheds, agricultural, and natural landscapes), or 22% above the FY 2006 target.
  • 19,690,815 hectares under increased conservation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems, or 13% below the FY 2006 target.
Rating On Target
Impact Protecting valuable genetic resources and ecosystems, and expanding enterprise and employment opportunities from the sustainable production of natural products and environmental services, contribute to equitable natural resources governance, and mitigate conflict over resources.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Preliminary result data from USAID operating units.
Data Quality
(Verification)
The Agency’s performance data are verified using Data Quality Assessments (DQA), and must meet five data quality standards of validity, integrity, precision, reliability and timeliness. The methodology used for conducting the DQAs must be well documented by each operating unit. (For details, refer to USAID’s Automated Directive System [ADS] Chapter 203.3.5, http://www.usaid.gov/policy/ads/200/203.pdf).
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005
  • 59,568,508 hectares under improved management (biodiverse landscapes, forests, watersheds, agricultural and natural landscapes), a 114% increase from the FY 2004 baseline.
  • 199,433,269 hectares under increased conservation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems, a 944% increase from the FY 2004 baseline.
2004

Baseline:

  • 51,834,573 hectares under improved management (biodiverse landscapes, forests, watersheds, agricultural, and natural landscapes).
  • 19,101,701 hectares under increased conservation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems.
2003 N/A.

 

Two Photos. Photo on top-left showing the shrinking wetlands in Hail Haor, Bangladesh in 1999. Bottom photo showing the Wetlands in Hail Haor, Bangladesh in 2006, having been restored after USAID support and assistance.

Wetlands Conservation Pays Off in Bangladesh

BEFORE – Wetlands in Hail Haor, Bangladesh in 1999. Over the last 150 years, approximately 50 percent of dry season wetlands have disappeared, resulting in lower fish production. Environmental changes, such as flood embankments and large silt deposits, have reduced the area and quality of Bangladesh’s water bodies.

AFTER – Wetlands in Hail Haor, Bangladesh in 2006. As a result of USAID support and assistance, this site has been restored to improve the flow of water and yields of fish.

Photo: UNOPS (top-left/before)
Photo: USAID (bottom/after)

I/P: Global Climate Change

INDICATOR: Multilateral Climate Change Science and Clean Energy
Technology Partnerships and Initiatives
Department of State seal Outcome
JUSTIFICATION: Project execution and cooperation will help reduce the costs of low-carbon technologies, improve understanding of global climate change, and encourage adaptation, thus moving the international community toward greenhouse gas concentration stabilization at a level that would prevent dangerous interference with the climate system.
FY 2006 PERFORMANCE Target
  • Implement the Ten-Year Plan for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems, designed to enhance and sustain environmental observation capabilities.
  • Advance multilateral climate change science and technology partnership project-based activities through the Methane-to-Markets Partnership, the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy, the Earth Observation initiative, the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum, and development assistance programs, in cooperation with developed and developing countries.
Results Ten-Year Plan established and under implementation. Global environmental observation capabilities strengthened. A number of innovative projects were launched in FY 2006, including those under the Methane-to-Markets Partnership and the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy.
Rating On Target
Impact Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, strengthened relations with key developing country partners, and advancement of climate change science and technology.
PERFORMANCE DATA Data Source Decisions and reports of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Internal and external reviews of activities under bilateral, regional, and multilateral programs and partnerships.
Data Quality
(Verification)
Data are gathered by scientific experts, verified by USAID and Department of State program managers, and are published in widely-disseminated reports.
PAST PERFORMANCE 2005 Launched the Ten-Year Plan and identified environmental observation capabilities to be strengthened. U.S. played a leadership role in the Methane-to-Markets Partnership, the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy, and the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum.
2004
  • Advanced the Global Climate Observing System through voluntary funding, capacity building, and technical support.
  • Developed project-based activities under the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum and the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy.
2003
  • Launched new ministerial-level international initiatives on Earth observation, carbon capture and storage, and the hydrogen economy. U.S. hosts first Earth Observation Summit to encourage development and financial support for an integrated, sustained Earth observation system.
  • USAID implemented climate-related activities with a total budget of $207 million, in 55 bilateral country missions, regional programs, and central offices. 4 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions were avoided and 27 million hectares/year were involved in activities that promote carbon storage and/or protect carbon sinks.

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