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Office of Conflict Management and Mitigation
Please note: All linked documents are in PDF format
Excludes P.L. 480. See Program Annex.
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Summary: The Office of Conflict Management and Mitigation (CMM) was established in September 2002 to coordinate USAID's efforts to understand the causes and mitigate the consequences of violent conflict and fragility by providing technical leadership and field support. CMM's mission is to institutionalize conflict programming in USAID's traditional disaster, transitional, and development assistance portfolios, including assisting missions, development officers, and implementing partners to develop the expertise and tools they need to work more effectively in high-risk, pre-conflict, post-conflict, and fragile environments.
CMM works in four broad areas: 1) leading the development of the Agency's warning and analysis system for conflict, instability and state failure; 2) supporting the Agency analytical framework in response to conflict policy and coordinating research and analysis on the sources of violent conflict, instability and fragile states; 3) improving the Agency's policies and strategies relating to the causes and consequences of conflict, instability, and fragility; and 4) providing training and outreach in conflict management and mitigation in the field.
Inputs, Outputs, Activities:
FY 2005 Program: The CMM Office will establish an indefinite quantity contract (IQC) mechanism - Instability, Crisis and Recovery Program (ICRP) - - in support of the Agency Conflict Policy and the Fragile States Strategy ($1,500,000 DA). This mechanism will increase the office's ability to provide direct support to field programs including: the rapid response capacity to support pre- and post-conflict activities; technical assistance for addressing conflict, fragility, and state-building issues, including support to peace processes; monitoring regional trends, and establishing early warning mechanisms; strengthening governmental, nongovernmental, and intergovernmental partners to more effectively address conflict and fragility; and training and outreach on conflict mitigation issues. This mechanism will also be used to develop several more sector-specific toolkits relating to conflict, providing USAID missions with a package of technical assistance tools focusing on areas such as religion and conflict, extremism and conflict, human rights and conflict, as well as peace processes, natural resources trust fund, security sector reform and conflict. CMM will target assistance according to the conflict implementation guidelines created by this office and support activities aimed at mitigating overt violence as well as those geared toward addressing the causes and consequences of conflict, implemented within traditional development sectors.
CMM will also launch a cooperative agreement mechanism in 2005 ($700,000 DA). This mechanism will complement the indefinite quantity contract by maintaining a diverse range of conflict-related partners. This mechanism will focus on support to peace processes and reconciliation issues, as well as post-conflict reintegration of ex-combatants and internally displaced persons. The mechanism will be available for Agency buy-in and enable missions to secure the services of partner organizations specializing in addressing issues related to conflict mitigation, management, and prevention.
The CMM Office will establish a warning and analysis team for conflict, instability and state-failure to establish and maintain a "watch list" of countries that are at risk for conflict, instability, and failure and to play an active role in monitoring, evaluating and determining best practices for conflict-related programs and activities (600,000 DA). The watch list is intended to 1) provide a rigorous and transparent means for assessing risk and for allocating Agency resources dedicated to conflict and fragile states; 2) identify countries in need of more in-depth monitoring and analysis; and 3) identify countries in need of supplementary assistance from USAID or other parts of the U.S. Government to prevent greater instability or mitigate conflict. This in-house warning and analysis team will facilitate a timely connection between risk monitoring, policy prescriptions and program options. It will also enhance USAID's ability to contribute to interagency discussions on "at-risk" states.
CMM will continue its partnerships with organizations such as the International Crisis Group, the War Torn Societies Project, Catholic Relief Services, International Alert, and SwissPeace that work on a diverse range of conflict-related programs ($1,600,000 DA). CMM will also continue to fund its technical staff, thereby ensuring its ability to provide critical services to USAID missions such as conflict assessments, program design and implementation, and applied research and analysis, as well as outreach to assist field missions work more effectively in high-risk, pre-conflict, post-conflict, and fragile environments ($2,500,000 DA). The CMM Office will continue to collaborate with USAID's regional bureaus and field missions, providing direct support to field programs based on conflict assessments as well as evolving circumstances in priority countries such as Bangladesh, Haiti, Nepal, Colombia, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) ($3,000,000 DA).
The CMM Office will continue to support directly the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's Development Assistance Committee Network on Conflict Prevention and Development Cooperation and other efforts to coordinate donor policies related to conflict programming ($100,000 DA). In addition to the $10 million of Development Assistance activities, the CMM Office will issue a second joint Department of State-USAID solicitation to award grants to a partner organizations worldwide for activities that focus on conflict management and mitigation and address the causes and consequences of conflict, to include resolution and reconciliation activities. The first joint Department of State-USAID solicitation to disburse $8,000,000 of Economic Support Funds (ESF) appropriated in FY 2004 will be awarded in early FY 2005.
FY 2006 Program: In FY 2006, the CMM Office will continue core activities initiated in prior years, ensuring that conflict assessments are conducted in vulnerable countries, supporting the Agency's policies and strategies relating to the causes and consequences of conflict, instability, and fragility, and providing training including the production of new "toolkits" in additional development sectors and emerging areas. The CMM Office expects to intensify its training and outreach efforts, expanding the number of USAID and partner staff learning practical approaches to mitigating and managing conflict through development programming and continue to fund innovative conflict activities through direct support to USAID missions. CMM expects to fund its technical staff to provide critical services to USAID missions such as conflict assessments, program design and implementation, and applied research and analysis. In FY 2006, CMM will have a fully operationalized indefinite quantity contract (IQC) for the Instability, Crisis and Response Program that will include Agency-wide mechanisms for the production and dissemination of early warning and analysis for conflict, instability and state-failure. A cooperative agreement program will be put in place to support the Agency's Conflict Policy and Fragile States Strategy. These mechanisms will ensure the broadest possible number of partners providing direct support to field programs based on conflict assessments as well as evolving circumstances in priority countries and to meet the Agency's needs with regard to conflict management, mitigation, and instability. CMM will continue to work with the Department of State to implement ESF-funded conflict reconciliation programs.
Performance and Results: In its second full year of operation, CMM continued to lead USAID's efforts to identify, analyze, and respond to sources of instability, conflict, extremism, and fragility on a worldwide basis. In FY 2004, CMM established an early warning and analysis unit and leads development of the Agency's tools to identify and track fragile and conflict-prone countries; supported the Agency analytical framework in response to the Fragile States Strategy; coordinated research and analysis on the sources of violent conflict, fragility, and extremism; improved the Agency's policies and strategies related to the causes and consequences of conflict, extremism, and fragility; provided training and outreach in the field; and supported the development of the new Crisis, Stabilization and Governance backstop.
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